Silicate, production of which began several decades ago, are used much less frequently. A size standard brick is single – 250h120h65 mm sesquialteral – 250x120x88 mm and double- – 250h120h138 mm (ceramic stone), the shape – rectangular, profile, angular with chamfered corners, etc. A brick can be solid and hollow (perforated or multislit) with through-and dead-end cavities. In hollow Brick weight less, so its use reduces the load on the foundation. In addition, thermal hollow products better, so the wall thickness can be less.
Even better, heat-shielding properties of the so-called efficient brick with porous ceramic crocks. And the sound it absorbs better than usual corpulent. Mostly average density of this product allows to produce an enlarged bricks and stones and large-scale blocks rauf, porotherm, which are hollow-core construction. Their size is several times larger than the single brick (for example, the dimensions are equal to 15F 510h250h219 mm), but at the same rate less than the average density of 1,000 kg/m3 and strength 10-15 MPa. The main producers of ceramic bricks and stone, and their suppliers to the domestic market are the company 'Ceramics, "Kerma" Golitsyn, Karasevsky ceramic factories, Kudinovsky Plant, Ryazan, Bryansk and other brick plants; ABC-Klinkergruppe, aka Ziegelgruppe, Bernhard and RoBEN (Germany); Wienerberger as (Austria), CRH-Klinker and EKO-Klinker (Poland), ao Lode (Latvia); silicate – Kovrov, Bor lime plant , Pavlovsky Plant of Building Materials; maksit (Finland) and other silicate Brick pales by comparison with the ceramic. Its density is higher and, consequently, heat-insulating properties worse. It is hygroscopic, so the frost resistance, and durability it is lower than that of ceramic, but the lower and value.
